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Inhaltsverzeichnis

n8n Installation mit Docker Compose

n8n Installation mit Docker Compose, Let's Encrypt SSL Zertifikat und Basic Auth. Bei Systemen, die nicht direkt im Internet erreichbar sind, kann auch die HTTP Methode gewählt werden (dennoch nicht zu empfehlen).

1. Docker Installation (Debian)

1.1 alte Versionen deinstallieren

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

1.2 Repo Installation

1.2.1 Update apt und HTTPS aktivieren

 sudo apt-get update
 
 sudo apt-get install \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    lsb-release
 
sudo mkdir -m 0755 -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

1.2.2 Docker GPG Key hinzufügen

sudo mkdir -m 0755 -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

1.2.3 Repo Setup

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

1.3 Docker Engine installieren

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

2. Docker Compose installieren

sudo apt-get install docker-compose-plugin

3. DNS Eintrag

Type: A
Name: n8n
IP address: <IP_OF_YOUR_SERVER>

4. Docker Compose Datei erstellen

/somedirectory/docker-compose.yml

4.1 HTTP-01 Challenge (Standard TLS Port 443)

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version: "3"
 
services:
  traefik:
    image: "traefik"
    restart: always
    command:
      - "--api=true"
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entrypoint.scheme=https"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.mytlschallenge.acme.tlschallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.mytlschallenge.acme.email=${SSL_EMAIL}"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.mytlschallenge.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ${DATA_FOLDER}/letsencrypt:/letsencrypt
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
 
  n8n:
    image: n8nio/n8n
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "127.0.0.1:5678:5678"
    labels:
      - traefik.enable=true
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.rule=Host(`${SUBDOMAIN}.${DOMAIN_NAME}`)
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.tls=true
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.entrypoints=web,websecure
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.tls.certresolver=mytlschallenge
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.SSLRedirect=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.STSSeconds=315360000
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.browserXSSFilter=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.contentTypeNosniff=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.forceSTSHeader=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.SSLHost=${DOMAIN_NAME}
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.STSIncludeSubdomains=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.STSPreload=true
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.middlewares=n8n@docker
    environment:
      - N8N_BASIC_AUTH_ACTIVE=true
      - N8N_BASIC_AUTH_USER
      - N8N_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD
      - N8N_HOST=${SUBDOMAIN}.${DOMAIN_NAME}
      - N8N_PORT=5678
      - N8N_PROTOCOL=https
      - NODE_ENV=production
      - WEBHOOK_URL=https://${SUBDOMAIN}.${DOMAIN_NAME}/
      - GENERIC_TIMEZONE=${GENERIC_TIMEZONE}
      # this section reduces the database size and speed up performance, disable for debug
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_ON_ERROR=all
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_ON_SUCCESS=none
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_ON_PROGRESS=true
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_MANUAL_EXECUTIONS=false
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_PRUNE=true
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_MAX_AGE=336
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_PRUNE_MAX_COUNT=50000
      - DB_SQLITE_VACUUM_ON_STARTUP=true
    volumes:
      - ${DATA_FOLDER}/.n8n:/home/node/.n8n

4.2 DNS-01 Challenge (Alternative TLS Ports)

Hier muss der DNS Provider entsprechend angepasst werden.

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version: "3"
 
services:
  traefik:
    image: "traefik"
    restart: always
    command:
      #- "--log.level=DEBUG"
      - "--api=true"
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entrypoint.scheme=https"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:12345"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.dnschallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.dnschallenge.provider=netcup"
      #- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.caserver=https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=postmaster@example.com"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "8081:80"
      - "12345:12345"
    environment:
      - "NETCUP_CUSTOMER_NUMBER=<CNR>"
      - "NETCUP_API_KEY=<API-KEY>"
      - "NETCUP_API_PASSWORD=<API-PASS>"
      - "NETCUP_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT=15m"
      - "NETCUP_TTL=3600"
    volumes:
      - ${DATA_FOLDER}/letsencrypt:/letsencrypt
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
 
  n8n:
    image: n8nio/n8n
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "127.0.0.1:5678:5678"
    labels:
      - traefik.enable=true
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.rule=Host(`${SUBDOMAIN}.${DOMAIN_NAME}`)
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.tls=true
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.entrypoints=web,websecure
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.tls.certresolver=myresolver
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.SSLRedirect=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.STSSeconds=315360000
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.browserXSSFilter=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.contentTypeNosniff=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.forceSTSHeader=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.SSLHost=${DOMAIN_NAME}
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.STSIncludeSubdomains=true
      - traefik.http.middlewares.n8n.headers.STSPreload=true
      - traefik.http.routers.n8n.middlewares=n8n@docker
    environment:
      - N8N_BASIC_AUTH_ACTIVE=true
      - N8N_BASIC_AUTH_USER
      - N8N_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD
      - N8N_HOST=${SUBDOMAIN}.${DOMAIN_NAME}
      - N8N_PORT=5678
      - N8N_PROTOCOL=https
      - NODE_ENV=production
      - WEBHOOK_URL=https://${SUBDOMAIN}.${DOMAIN_NAME}:12345/
      - GENERIC_TIMEZONE=${GENERIC_TIMEZONE}
      # this section reduces the database size and speed up performance, disable for debug
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_ON_ERROR=all
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_ON_SUCCESS=none
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_ON_PROGRESS=true
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_SAVE_MANUAL_EXECUTIONS=false
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_PRUNE=true
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_MAX_AGE=336
      - EXECUTIONS_DATA_PRUNE_MAX_COUNT=50000
      - DB_SQLITE_VACUUM_ON_STARTUP=true
      #- N8N_LOG_LEVEL=debug
      #- N8N_LOG_OUTPUT=console
    volumes:
      - ${DATA_FOLDER}/.n8n:/home/node/.n8n

5. .env Datei erstellen

/somedirectory/n8n/.env

# Folder where data should be saved
DATA_FOLDER=/root/n8n/
 
# The top level domain to serve from
DOMAIN_NAME=example.com
 
# The subdomain to serve from
SUBDOMAIN=n8n
 
# DOMAIN_NAME and SUBDOMAIN combined decide where n8n will be reachable from
# above example would result in: https://n8n.example.com
 
# The user name to use for authentication - IMPORTANT ALWAYS CHANGE!
N8N_BASIC_AUTH_USER=user
 
# The password to use for authentication - IMPORTANT ALWAYS CHANGE!
N8N_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD=password
 
# Optional timezone to set which gets used by Cron-Node by default
# If not set New York time will be used
GENERIC_TIMEZONE=Europe/Berlin
 
# The email address to use for the SSL certificate creation
SSL_EMAIL=user@example.com

6. Daten Verzeichnis erstellen

mkdir /somedirectory/n8n

7. Starten und Stoppen

7.1 Start

sudo docker compose up -d

7.1.1 Start mit Ausgabe

sudo docker compose up

7.2 Stopp

sudo docker compose stop

8. Update

8.1 Image aktualisieren

docker pull library/traefik
docker pull n8nio/n8n

8.2 Neustart

# Stop current setup
sudo docker compose stop
# Delete it (will only delete the docker-containers, data is stored separately)
sudo docker compose rm 
# Then start it again, in ingteractive mode to check for errors
sudo docker compose up

Wenn alles fehlerfrei läuft, den Prozess mit STRG+C beenden und im Daemon Modus starten

sudo docker compose up -d